What Is a Kilim? Weaving, Texture and How to Choose

A kilim is a flatwoven rug without the raised, knotted pile of a pile carpet. Its pattern is formed by interlacing yarns on a loom. For a room, that means a flatter textile surface rather than a deep, cushioned pile.

How does kilim weaving work?

In weft-faced tapestry weaving, horizontal weft yarns cover the vertical warp threads. Different coloured yarns create the pattern as the textile is woven. In slit-tapestry kilims, small openings can appear where neighbouring colour areas meet. These openings are part of the weaving structure; they should be distinguished from tears or later damage when assessing a vintage piece.

Kilim and knotted-pile weaving are different techniques. For examples of how museums identify these structures, see The Metropolitan Museum of Art's guide to weaving techniques.

Kilim or pile rug: which suits your room?

Start with the surface you want. A kilim offers a flatwoven look, while a pile rug has a raised yarn surface. Compare the individual rug's photographs and construction rather than assuming every kilim has the same thickness, backing or feel.

For a hallway, check the available width and door clearance. In a living room, mark out the footprint with tape and decide how the rug will sit beneath the furniture. A suitable rug pad can help reduce movement on smooth flooring; choose one compatible with your floor and the textile.

What to check before buying a vintage kilim

• Exact measurements: compare centimetres and feet with your space, and ask about any difference between the listing's fields.
• Condition: inspect the edges, fringe, reverse and close-up images. Ask about repairs, wear or small openings that are unclear in photographs.
• Materials: use the details for the individual piece. A kilim's colour or pattern alone does not confirm its fibres, dyes or age.
• Colour: compare several photographs and consider your room's daylight and existing furnishings.

Explore kilims for your space

Browse our kilim and flatwoven rugs to compare individual designs. For a smaller decorative accent, explore kilim pillow covers. You can also compare our wider Turkish rug collection.

Need help with a particular piece? Contact our team with its product name, your room measurements and any questions about condition or construction.